1.) Children with autism can learn better when you use visuals to support the things you are saying. If at all possible incorporate pictures, charts, or other visual aids into your instruction. This will help all students (not just the one with autism) to concentrate and keep them from withdrawing from the lesson. Visual aids can also give structure to a classroom. Pictures and words should be used all around the classroom to help identify areas such as where lunches are stored, pencils are sharpened, and even where the restrooms are. Give an autistic child the opportunity to communicate by using these visual aids as cues.
2.) If teaching in a regular education classroom, you may need to make changes so that an autistic student can learn effectively. Pay attention to where your autistic student is sitting, and try to make it an area with few distractions. If possible use room dividers or the placement of furniture to keep things structured and to keep certain areas free of distractions. Separate areas for independent work, group work, play and other activities can give the autistic student visual cues about what is expected of them. They can also make the autistic child feel safe by using structure and routine.
3.) Use visual cues and routine to help the student focus on instruction. It may be helpful to do your classroom instruction in front of a plain white board with out any background distractions. Reward and praise actual accomplishment and staying on task. Having trouble keeping focus? Try using other sounds than the child’s name repeated to regain attention, like clearing your throat. If he is in a situation where he gets too excited, take the child to a quiet place where he can calm down and recompose. While it is important to accommodate the child with autism, do not make it obvious that the child has special needs. Children with autism should feel like they are a part of the class.
4.) Challenges will happen when you’re working with an autistic child, but preparedness will always make things easier. Know that you may encounter frustration and confusion caused by sensory overload or the inability to communicate effectively. Stressful, loud, overly stimulating, or unstructured situations may cause panic and tantrums in an autistic student. Work with the parents, student, and administrators to have a plan in place to help the student work through frustration or difficult experiences. Keep a close relationship with any support staff that can help you positively respond to an autistic child.
5.) Finally, be patient. Students with autism are faced with a variety of communication, social, and sensory challenges. Take the time to educate yourself on the nature of autism as you work to better the life of an autistic child in your classroom.
More resources and autism materials for setting up a classroom for an autistic child can be found here on our website, along with other visual support tools.